Fastening inserting machine



1933- 1.. s. MACDONALD FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Filed March 23, 1931F i g. l

5 Sheets-Sheet l 1933- 1.. s. MACDONALD FASTENING INSERTING MACHINEFiled March 25, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 1933- L. s. MACDONALD FASTENINGINSERTING MACHINE Filed March 25, '1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 0d. 24, 1933.MACDQNALD 1,931,615

nus-mama mssnwme momma Filed March 25, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig.5.

Oct. 24, 1933. MACDONALD 1,931,615

FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Fig.5

' ll atenteel Got. 2 1933 rAsrsNmo mssa'rmo I IM-ACHINE lLest-erSiMac-dcnald, Beverly, Mass, assignor to United since l llachineryCorporation, Paterson, N. J., a corporation ofv New Jersey ApplicationMar-ch33, 1931. Serial No. 524,589

24 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements inmaohines for inserting wiref-astenings such, for ex ample, as those used for attaching to eachother pieces of leather or other shoe stock.

5 An important field of use of my invention is in machines for insertingwire fastenings of the type disclosed in United States Letters PatentNo. 1,804,396, granted MaylZ, 1931, upon an application filed in thename of MIF; Brogan. This fastening comprises a piece or" curvedwire'which is inserted so as to extend beneaththe surface of the Work,entering and emerging atthe same 'face' thereof and being clenchedthereon atone or both ends. In one aspect the presentinven- 5 tionconsists in a machine for inserting such fastenings constructed andarranged to handle wire of relatively small diameter in a new andimproved manner by which the accuracy and speed of the insertingoperation are improved as compared with that of machines heretoforeavailable.

Difliculty has been experienced heretofore in driving Wire of thischaracter on account of "the fact that a driver passage of the properdimensions for the wire does not permit the use of a driver ofsufficient diameter and strength for the practical requirements of themachine-and, accordingly, various'expedients have been resorted to forgripping the sides of the wire and advancing it while thus held ratherthan driving it 'by end engagement. lhe present invention provides animproved construction by which fastening wire of a much smaller diametercan be driven by end engagement than has been practical in chinesheretofore To this end, an important feature of the invention consistsin 'wire inserting mechanism including an opensided or channel wirepassage, means for closing the passage and a'driver guided for movementin a path adjacent to the passage and having an offset portionprojecting through saidmeans and into the passage, whereby movement ofthe driver in said passage progressively opens said wire passage. Bythis construction the driver may he made sufficiently large and strongto withstand the duty imposed upon it, while the dimensions of theoifset driving portion may-be reduced to correspond with the limiteddimensionsof the Wire passage.

It is important positively to confine the wire throughout its movementin the wire passage to prevent buckling or distortion thereof and toaccommodate a driver of the character above outlined it is alsonecessary that at 'least'a portion of the passage should becontinuouslyopen driving point.

to admit the offset portion ofthe driver. This problem is solved inaccordance with my invention by providing movable means for closing thatportion of the wire passage opposite to the wire which it contains. Asherein shown, the closing means is arranged to progressin its movementalong the passage as the driver is-advanced and, as another importantfeature of the invention, the'driver itself is arranged to control theaction of the closing meansanarrangement which results in directandaccurate control of these important elements ofthe mechanism.

(Ether features of my invention relate to mechanism for controllingthe-wire adjacent to its point of insertion in the work. A supplementarycovering member is provided at the delivery end of the wire passage, andthis is arranged to be displaced by the driver at the conclusion or" thedriving operation after it has served its purpose of confining the wirethroughout its'movement. Such construction permits the wire passage tobe brought into close proximity to the surface of the work and atthe-same time affords-space for positioning a deflecting member withinrange of the passage and for the movement-of a clenching tool or toolsto operate upon the upstanding ends of-the driven fastening.

The iechanism above described, which permits the employment of wire ofsmall diameter inthe insertion of a curved Wire fastening by endengagement; also permits severing of the moved from thework. Byassociating this construction with wire feeding mechanism of variableand adjustable action, the length'of'the fastening may be convenientlycontrolled in accordance with the requirements of the work.

Prefera'oly'and' as herein shown, a deflecting member is provided whichis movablefrom an operative position in range of the driver passage toinoperative position removed from the The operation of the deflector andof the severing knife and also'of the clench- "ing tools is preferablyeffected from asingle actuator such, for example, as'a rack bar havingsuitahle cam tracks therein. "This constitutes one desirable form ofmechanism which may be relied upon for the accurate timing oftheseimportant parts of the mechanism.

These and other features of the invention will 0 be best understood andappreciated from the following description of a preferred embodimentthereof, selected for purposes of illustration and shown in theaccompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view of the machine in sideelevation;

, Fig:, 2 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of thehornoperating mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a view of the machine head, on an enlarged scale, in elevationwith parts broken away;

Fig. 4 is a front View of the machine head with parts broken away;

Fig. 5 is a view of the machine head in vertical section on the lineV--V of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a view in perspective of the throat mechanism adjacent thedriving point;

Fig. '7 is a front view, on an enlarged scale, of the mechanism in themachine head adjacent the driving point;

Fig. 8 is a similar View with parts shown in the position they occupy atthe end of the driving operation;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the throat mechanism on the line IX-IX ofFig. 13;

Fig. 10 is a view in perspective of the driver mechanism;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 8 with the machine parts shown in theposition they occupy at the conclusion of the clenching operation; and

Figs. 12 and 13 are views in elevation of the throat mechanism.

In the drawings, two layers of stock 100 and 101, for example a piece ofupper leather and a piece of sole leather, are shown as secured to-'gether by a curved metallic fastening 99 driven through the layer 100into the layer 101 and caused to emerge from the layer 100 through thesame face from which it entered and without reaching the lower face ofthe layer 101. The ends of the fastening 99 are clenched upon the uppersurface of the layer 100, as best shown in Fig. 11.

As illustrated herein, the two layers of stock are clamped between ajack or horn 46 and a presser member or abutment 62. The abutment member62 is provided with a wire guiding channel into which the wire is fedfrom a supply reel and in which it is severed to form a blank of theproper length for the fastening operation. The piece of wire thus formedis driven downwardly in a path oblique to the surface of the work, beingclosely confined throughout its passage. As it enters the upper surfaceof the work, it is deflected so that it enters the work in a curvedpath, passing through the two layers of work and emerging at a pointspaced from that at which it entered. At the conclusion of the drivingoperation, the abutment is elevated, as suggested in Fig. 11, andcooperating bending members are then advanced to clench both ends of theinserted fastening. Having outlined the operation of the machine in ageneral way, its construction will now be more particularly described.

The machine frame comprises a column 10 carrying bracket members 12which rigidly support the head frame 13 which is shaped not only tosupport the driving mechanism but to encase and protect it. The mainshaft 14 of the machine is journaled in the head frame, being providedat its forward end with a hand wheel 15 and serving at its rear end as ajournal for a pulley 16 by which the machine is driven. The pulley 16,as shown in Fig. 3, is provided with a hub to which is keyed the femaleor cancav member 17 of a driving clutch. The cone of the clutch 18 iskeyed to the shaft 1 but is longitudinally movable thereon to permit ofengaging and disengaging the clutch. It is provided with a hub 19against the end of which bears a heavy compression spring 21 tending atall times to move the clutch cone into engagement so that the shaft 14shall be rotated.

In the hub 19 of the clutch cone is journaled a ring 20 having trunnionsby which it is connected to the upper end of a shipper lever 22. Theshipper lever at its lower end is connected through a pair of togglelinks 24: and 25 to one part 26 of a two-part cam lever. The other partof the cam lever 27 extends upwardly and is provided with a cam roll 28which runs upon an annular cam surface formed upon the rear face of acam 29 fast to the shaft 14. The shipper lever 22 is mounted to rockabout a stud 23 projecting from the head frame and a tension spring 31tends always to move the toggle links 24 and 25 into their alignedposition, as shown in Fig. 3,

wherein they operate as a strut between the cam lever and the shipperlever, so that when the of which is formed as a pawl to engage a toothon the link 25 and maintain the toggle in straightened position and theother part of which is connected through a short link to a rocker member32. The rear arm of the rocker member carries a hardened wear piece withwhich is associated a pivoted tripping member 34 carried by a head 35secured to the upper end of a vertical treadle rod 36. depressed, therocker member 32 by this connection is moved in a clockwise direction,the pawl 30 is disengaged from the link 25, and the toggle is brokendownwardly so that the lower end of the shipper lever 22 is permitted tomove toward the left and the clutch is engaged by the action of thecompression spring 21.

In order to insure a one-revolution action of the clutch, a hold-out rod37 is arranged in' position to engage the upper end of the trippingmember 34 and hold it in an inoperative position immediately after themachine is started. To this end, the hold-out rod 37 is connected toacam arm 38 depending from a stud 39 in the head frame and arranged to beswung toward the right, as seen in Fig. 3, by a cam 40 upon the rear endof a driven shaft 42, which will be presently described.

The horn or jack is supported upon the column 10 by a bracket 44 andincludes a verticallymovable horn spindle as provided at its upper endwith a horn top or work support. The vertical position of the horn iscontrolled by a lever 47 pivotally mounted in the bracket having aforked rear end. One branch of the horn lever 47 is connected through ayielding connection to a treadle rod 56 which extends downwardly to atreadle in the base of the machine. It will be seen that by depressingthe treadle 50 the To this end, the toggle link 24 carries apivotally-mounted bell crank lever 30, one part ,When the treadle rod ishorn lever 47 is connected to the'lower end of a-vertical: rod: 48 whichextends upwardly and is connected at its upper end to one arm 52 of acam lever journaled: upon a stud 55 which is mounted on vthe upper sideof the head frame. The other arm 53 of the cam lever extends downwardlyand is provided with a cam roll 54, as shown in- Fig. 3, which: runs ina suitably-shaped cam. track in the forward face of the cam 29, alreadymentioned The contour of the cam track is such; that when the machine isset in operation the lever 525 3 is rocked in a clockwise direction, asseen in Fig. 5, and the rod 48;,is thereby moved downwardly tomaintainthe horn automatically but yieldingly in elevated zgosition with thework clamped under pressure between the horn top and the abutment 62.

7 While I prefer to employ the starting and stopping mechanism and thehorn mechanism herein described, these mechanisms in themselves; form nopart of my invention but they have not heretofore been employed incombination with mechanism for forming, driving and clenchinglcurvedwire fastenings of the character herein disclosed.

The head frame l3.has a forwardly and downwardly projecting rib orbracket portion to which is secured a transversely disposed plate 61upon which are mounted the operative instrumentalities of themachine bywhich the wire is fed, cut olf, driven, and clenched upon the work. Theabutment, member 62 comprises a stationary elongated block which isbolted to the plate 61 and provided at its lower end with a horizontalwork-engaging face located in alignment withand above the horn 46.Secured to the face of the-abutment member is a cover plate '70, in thelower-face ofl which is provided an open channel or passage '71 for thewire. A longitudinal bore is provided in the abutment member 62 adjacentto and beneath the wirepassage '71 and in this bore is rotatably mountedan elongated cylindrical sleeve 64 having a spiral groove 66 therein.Thesleeve 64 is provided with a circular flange at its upper-end andthis is received within a circular recess formed inthe upper end of theabutment member 62 and closed by a cover plate 63. The sleeve 64,therefore, is free to rotate in the abutment but is held againstlongitudinal movement.

Fittingwithin the bore of the sleeve 64 is a cylindrical driver 67 whichat its lower end carries a block 68 slidingly received within the spiralgroove 66 and. provided with a projecting rib 69 of such, dimensions asto enter and fill the wire passage '71 and in length corresponding tothe width of the slot 66, as shown in Fig. 10. At its upper, end thedriver is secured by a clamping bolt 107 in a driver bar 106 which isreciprocated by mechanism presently to be described.

It willbe seen that the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 64 closes thelower side of the wire passage '71 in the cover plate 70 except where itis crossed by the spiral slot 66. Opposite this slot, however, the wirepassage is closed by the block 68 of the driver and the projecting rib69 which, as already explained, projects into the driver passage and istheelement which actually engages and advances the wireblank after ithas been severed. The end walls of the block 68are inclined and shapedto fit between the spiral edges of the slot 66 so that when the driver67 is reciprocated the sleeve 6e. is rotated in one direction or theother. In the travel of the projecting driving rib 69 along the. driverpassage, therefore, the lower open side of the passage is keptcontinuously closed by the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 64. It willbe noted that this construction permits the driver 6'7 and the block 68to be of sufficiently large dimensions to afiford adequate strengthwhereas the projecting rib 69 which is carried by the driver in offsetrelation may be of the relatively delicate construction required to fitthe small wire passage.

The wire 102 is directed into the upper endof the wire passage 71through a short vertical bore in the flange of a second coverplate 58secured to the abutment member 62 above the cover plate '20. The wirereaches this passage after passing through a curved slot formed in thelower edge of an auxiliary plate 59 bolted to the carrier plate 61, asbest shown in Fig. '7. The lower edge of the auxiliary plate 59 iscurved and a wire passage is formedby milling a curved slot therein andproviding a transverse pin 72 to prevent accidental displacement of thewire. Under usual conditions, the natural spring of the wire in leavingthe feed rolls will cause it to follow the inner wall of the wirepassage.

The wire feed comprises a pair of cooperating rolls 73 and '74. Of thesethe lower roll '73 is an idle presser roll, being mounted upon a journalstud 80 which projects from an arm 81 pivotally mounted upon a stud 114projecting from the carrier plate 61. A compression spring 92'bearsagainst the outer end of the arm 81 and normally presses the roll '73toward the roll 74 to engage the wire 102 firmly between the two.

The roll '74 is positively rotated in an intermittent manner and insteps of adjustable length to advance the wire. To this end, a shaft '75is journaled in the carrier plate 61 and this in turn rotatably supportsthe feed wheel 74. Fast to the shaft 75 is a pinion 7 6 arranged to meshwith and be oscillated by a gear segment 34: disposed beneath it. A yokemember '78 is also secured to the shaft '75 and this carries between itsupwardlyextending arms a pawl 77 which cooperates with a ratchet disksecured to or forming a part of the pinion '76. Accordingly, as thepinion 76 and yoke 78 are oscillated by the segment 8 the pawl '77drives the ratchet disk ahead and the wire is advanced between the tworolls.

The driving segment 84 is secured to the forward end of thelongitudinally-extending shaft 42 journaled in the lower portion of thehead frame and already referred to, in its relation to the clutchmechanism. Secured to the shaft 42 in an intermediate position is anoutwardly and upwardly-extending slotted arm 86 and this is adjustablyconnected through. a link 87 to the lower end of a cam lever 88journaled on a fulcrum stud 90 which is mounted between ears projectingfrom the upper portion of the head frame. The cam lever 88 carries a camroll 89 arranged to run in a cam track in the rear face of a cam disk 91secured to the main shaft 14 of the machine. The cam track is sodesigned as to swing the. cam lever 88 in a clockwise direction, as seenin Fig. 5, early in the cycle of operations of the machine, thereby thearm 86 is rocked to swing the driving segment 84- in an anti-clockwisedirection and thus to advance the feed roll 74. The amplitude ofmovement of the feed roll and, consequently, the length of the wirefeed, is adjustably controlled by varying the point or" connec" tion ofthe link 87 with the slotted arm 86, the feed being decreased as thepoint of connection is brought nearer to the axis of the shaft 42.

Wire is supplied to the feed rolls 73 and 74 through a curved tube 110from a reel 111. which is supported by a bracket secured to the upperportion of the head frame. The wire 102 in leaving the reel 111 passesupwardly and about an idle tension roll 112 of construction common inwire handling machines.

The wire, which is in a continuous length up to the point of itsdelivery to the short passage in the cover plate 58 of the abutmentmember 62, is severed into blanks of the required length by mechanismwhich will now be described. The cover plates 58 and are spaced so as toreceive the end of a wire knife 95. This knife is square at its end,cooperatingwith the end face of the second cover plate 58 in shearingthe wire, and is also provided in its end face with a short channelwhich, in the final position of the knife, constitutes in effect acontinuation of the wire passage 71. In other words, as the knife 95 ismoved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 11 to the position shownin Fig. 8, it first shears the wire and then carries the severed end ofthe blank into alignment with the passage 71 where it positions it untiladvanced by the driving rib 69. The wire knife 95 is adjustably securedby a clamping bolt 96 to the lower end of a knife arm 94 fast upon ashort shaft 97 journaled in the carrier plate 61. At its rear or innerend the shaft 97 carries an upstanding cam arm 93 provided with a camroll 93 arranged to run in a cam slot formed in the face of a verticalcam bar 104. The cam track is of such shape as to rock the arm 98 toadvance the wire knife for the shearing operation and is then providedwith a dwell which maintains the wire knife in its inner position untilthe driving operation has carried the upper end of the wire blank intothe wire passage 71.

The cam bar 104 is guided for vertical movement in bearings suitablyprovided in the head frame and is provided with an intermediate yokesection which straddles the main shaft 14. It is also provided with acam roll 105 arranged to run in a cam track formed in the forward faceof the cam disk 91, already mentioned.

The driver bar 106 is mounted to reciprocate in an inclined guidewayformed in a face plate 108 which is bolted to the front face of the headframe 13. It is provided near its upper end with a notch to receive theouter end of a cam lever 115 mounted to oscillate upon a fulcrum stud117 mounted between ears projecting from the head frame. The cam lever116 is provided with a cam roll 118 arranged to run in a cam trackprovided in the front face of a cam disk 119 fast to the main shaft 14.The cam track is so designed as to advance the driver at the proper timein the cycle of the machine with a motion which is accelerated duringthe insertion of the fastener.

The desc "iption will now pass to those elements of the machine whichoperate adjacent to the point of insertion of the fastener. The abutmentmember 62 is beveled inwardly at its lower end to reduce the area of thework-engaging surface and it is also forked transversely at its lowerend, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 12. The end sur face between the forksof the abutment member is disposed substantially at right angles to thelongitudinal axis thereof and the end surface of the sleeve 64 lies inthe plane of this surface. The cover plate 70 projects beyond theintermediate end surface of the abutment member 62 so that the underside of the driver passage is not closed by the surface of the sleeve 64in this space or beyond the end of the sleeve. It is of importancepositively to control the wire in its movement through this'space and tothis end there is provided a nozzle piece 120 in the form of a bentplate pivotally mounted upon a stud 121 which projects from the forwardside of the abutment member 62. The plate extends downwardly and then isbent twice so that its free end 122 extends beneath and across the lowerface of the cover plate 70.

The end or cover portion 122, therefore, supplements the sleeve inclosing the lower surface of the driver passage throughout its entirelength, that is to say, to the end of the cover plate 70. The plate 120is normally maintained in its inner position by a leaf spring 123secured to the outer face of the abutment member 62 and is forcedoutwardly against the action of this springnear the conclusion of thedriving operation by being engaged by the driver block 68. The end ofthe driver block is beveled for this purpose and as the block emergesfrom the lower end of the sleeve 64 it acts as a cam to swing the coverend 122 of the plate toward the left from the position shown in Fig. 12to the position shown in Fig. 13. The open side of the driver passage 71is thus 'uncovered just in advance of the driving rib 69,with the resultthat the wire being driven is positively controlled. throughout thedriving operation.

The cover plate 70 terminates slightly above the surface of the work 100and a curved deflector member 12 i is arranged to be located at thispoint for the purpose of curving the wire as it emerges from the driverpassage and directing it into the work in a curved path. The deflector124 is mounted upon the free end of an arm 125 which has a largecircular recess in its hub in which is received a pinion 126, the toothends of which collectively constitute a journal member about which thedeflector arm 125 is arranged to swing. The pinion 128 is eccentricallymounted upon a stationary stud 115 which projects from a portion of thecarrier plate 61. The pinion 126 meshes at its upper side with ahorizontallydisposed rack 127 arranged to slide in ways in the plate 61and having a slip connection with an inclined rack 227 also mounted inthe plate 61. At its upper end the rack 227 meshes with a pinion 128fast to a shaft 129 to which is'secured an adjusting arm130. The arm 130is arranged to swing over a graduated segment 131 and to be retainedthereon in any position of adjustment by a clamping nut 132 at its outerend. It will be seen that by swinging the adjusting arm 130, the rack127 is moved transversely and the pinion 126 is rotated upon the stud115, thereby the arm 125 is moved bodily and the deflector 12d adjustednearer to or further from the point of emergence of the wire from thewire passage 71. The radius of curvature of the wire is therebyregulated and'the wire fastener may be made to extend for a greater orless distance beneath the surface of the work.

The arm 125 which carries the deflector is part of a bell crank lever ofwhich the upwardlyextending arm 133 carries a cam roll 134 arranged torun in a cam track 135 formed near the lower end of the cam bar 104,above referred to. The cam track 135 is so shaped and the cam bar 104 sotimed in its movement that the deflector 124 is operatively positionedat the driving point, as shown in Fig. 8, when the wire begins to emergefrom the wire passage 71. At the conclusion of the driving operation,the deflector is elevated to its inoperative position, as shown in Fig.7, where it is maintained during the remainder of the machine cycle.

At the conclusion of the driving operation both the leading end and thedriven endof the fastening 99 are left projecting slightly above theupper surface of the work and the clenching operation is completed bybending these projecting ends toward each other and down upon thesurface of the work. To this end, a pair of; obliquely moving bendingtools 136 and 1&6 are provided. These, with their operating mechanism,willnow be described.

The bending tool 136 which acts upon the driven end of the fastening isadjustably secured by a:

clamping bolt 137 to a slide 138 guidedfor movement in the plate 61 inaninclined path parallel to and in front of the rack slide 22'? alreadymen-- tioned. The slide 138 is provided in its upper surface with rackteeth arranged to mesh with the teeth of a segment 139 fast to theforward end of ashaft 14.0 journaled in the plate, 61. At its rear end,the shaft 140 is secured to ahorizontally-disposed segment 141 and thisin'turn' meshes with rackteeth formedin the side of the cam bar 104. 104through the train of mechanismjustdescribed is effective to produce therequired movement. of:

the-bending tool 136 from inoperative-position, asshown in Fig. 8', tooperative position, as shown in' Fig. 11, at the proper timein the cycleof the machine, and then to return the-tool to its ine operativeposition immediately after the clenching operation.

The tool1146, which acts upon theleadingend ofthe fastening, isadjustably secured by a clamping' bolt; 147 to a slide, 1483 similarlyguided in the plate 61 for movement in an oblique path. The slide 148 isprovided with rack teeth in its upper surfacewith which mesh the teethof'a segment,

and-placed upon the horn 46. The treadle' 50- is then depressed,elevating the horn and yieldingly pressing'the upper surface. of thework against'the forked lower endlof the abutment member 62. Continueddepression of the treadle trips the clutch, whereupon an increasedupward pressure is automatically imparted to the horn by the cam lever53 and the train of mechanism which it actuates, At the same time themain shaft l l is set in rotation andthrough the camlever. 88 and itsconnected mechanism the feed roller 74 is advanced to feed the wire 102a predetermined.-

amount, depending uponthe'adjustment of the link 87. During the time,theoperative instrumentalitiesof the machine occupy thepositions shownin Fig. 7, that is to say, the driver 67 is eievated, the-shearing knife95 is retracted, the

deflector 124 is elevated, and the bendingtoo1s136- and 1 16 occupy thir inoperative positions. Immediately at the conclusion of the feedingoperation, the cam bar 104 is moved to operate the knife 91 which movesinwardly, severing the wire by a shearing action against the end of thecover plate 58 and carrying the severed end thereof inwardly into linewith the driver passage 71. The knife 95 is maintained in its innerposition during the eciprocation of the cam bar initia-ldownwardmovement of the driver 6'? and until the driving rib 69 has carried theend of the wireblank completely into the wire; passage '71. Atthe' sametime, the deflector 124 is swung downwardly from the position shown inFig. 7 to thatshown in Fig. 8, wherein its curved inner face islocatedoppositc to the end of the wire passage ll; As the driving stroketakes place, the

sleeve- 64- isrotated in the manner already deupon the bending tools 136and 146. As the final step in the operation, these are advanced fromxtheposition shown in Fig. 8'to that showni in Fig; 11 and the projectingends of the fasten: ingi are clenched upon the'work. Finally, thebending. toolsv are retracted and the clutch is: thrown out to bring themachine to rest withits; parts in readiness for a new cycle ofoperations.

While, I. have referred to the fastening as being. formed of: wire 102and have shown the wire as circular in cross section, itwillbeunderstood that flattenedwire or ribbon may be employed if;desired or that metallic wire of any crosssecits inoperative position,leavingboth: projecting ends of the fastening free to be actedtionzdesired in the fastening may besuccess-.

fully handled and insertedin the machine of my;-

invention.

Having; thusdescribed my'invention, what I'- claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: r

1. In. a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a throat mechanismincluding an open sided wire passage, means for closing said passage,and a driver mounted for movement in said passage closing means in apath adjacent to said passage,,said driver having an offset portionextending through said means and into the passage whereby movement ofsaid driver in said passage progressively opens said wire passage.

2. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a throat mechanismincluding an open sided, channel wire passage, a driver greater in crosssection than said passage guided in a path parallel thereto and having awire engaging portion extending into said passage, and a memberenclosing said driver for normally closing said wire passage, saidmember having an inclined. slot therein through which the wire engagingportion of the driver projects, thereby causing said member to moveprogressively to open the wire passage as the driver advances in saidpassage.

3. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, throat mechanismincluding a channel wire passage, an elongated driver movable in a pathadjacent to said passage and having a relatively short drivingprojection extending into the wire passage, and oscillatory meansnormally closing said. passage and constructed and arranged to beengaged by a portion of said driving projection to open said passage, assaid driving projection moves in said passage.

4. Ina machine for inserting wire fastenings, throat mechanism includinga channel wire passage, a driver having an offset portion movable insaid passage, and means for progressively closing the passage as theoifset portion traverses its length.

5. Ina machine for inserting wire fastenings,

throat mechanism including a channel wire passage, a driver having anoffset portion movable in said passage, and an oscillatory cover memherhaving an inclined surface arranged to be engaged by a part of theoffset portion of the driver, whereby the cover member is turnedprogressively to open said passage as the driver is advanced.

6. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding meansincluding an open-sided wire passage, a sleeve so disposed as to closesaid wire passage with its surface and having a helical slot therein,and a driver movable longitudinally of said sleeve and having a drivingprojection extending through the slot thereof and into said wirepassage.

'7. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding meansincluding an open-sided wire passage, an oscillatory sleeve coextensivewith a portion of said passage and having a helical edge in its surface,and a driver arranged to reciprocate within the sleeve and having anoffset portion extending across said helical edge and into said wirepassage, whereby the sleeve is turned during the movement of the driver.

8. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a wire guiding memberhaving an open sided wire passage in its surface, a cover membernormally closing said passage and having a helical slot formed therein,and a driver having an offset portion projecting through said slot andinto said passage, said offset portion being constructed and arranged,upon movement along said passage progressively, to open said passage byengaging the helical slot in the cover member.

9. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding meansincluding a plate extending adjacent to the point at which the fasteningis to be driven and having a channel wire passage in its surface, anoscillatory sleeve maintained upon said surface in position normally toclose said channel, and a driver member movable in a path parallel tosaid passage, having an offset portion extending into the same and aportion acting to turn the sleeve to admit said offset portion to thepassage.

10. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding meansincluding an open-sided wire passage; a driver having an offset portionar ranged to traverse said passage in driving the fastening, wirefeeding means, and means for "severing a wire blank for the fastening ata.

point in the wire passage remote from the end thereof.

11. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding meanshaving an open-sided wire passage therein, a driver arranged toreciprocate in said passage, a supply passage leading at an angle intothe wire passage, and a knife arranged to sever the wire as it leavessaid supply passage and carry the severed end thereof to a positionabove'said open-sided driver passage and in line therewith.

12. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a member having a driverpassage and a driver arranged to reciprocate therein, a supply passagefor wire leading thereto at an angle and having an opening at its pointof juncture, and a knife movable transversely in said opening to severthe wire at said opening and carry the severed end thereof into linewith the driver.

18. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings,

an abuti ient member having a driver passage terminating therein at apoint above its workface, a driver arranged to reciprocate in said.passage, a deflector arranged to be disposed in range of the passage andadjacent to the surface of the work, and means for automatically movingsaid deflector away from the work to an elevated inoperative positionatthe conclusion of the driving operation.

I l. In a machine forinserting wire fastenings, work-engaging andclamping members, one of which is provided with a wire passageterminating at a point spaced from the work piece, a driver arranged toreciprocate in said passage, a de flector arranged to swing in an arefrom an elevated inoperative position to a position adjacent the surfaceof the work and in'range of said passage, and means for adjusting thepath of movement of said deflector to control its operative position. i

15. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire-delivering andfeeding means including a wire passage, a knife for severing the wire ata point remote from the delivery end of the passage, a movable deflectorarranged to be positioned in range of said passage, and a singleactuating member for moving both the knife and the deflector at theproper point in the cycle of the machine.

16. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, Work-engaging andclamping members, one of which is provided with a wire passageterminating at a point spaced from the surface of the work piece, adriver movable in said passage, a deflector having a Wire-deflectingface which may be disposed in range of said wire passage, means forautomatically removing the deflector to an inoperative position afterthe driving operation, and a clenching member movable transversely inthe space formerly occupied by the deflector for clenching theupstanding end of the fastening.

17. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, means for severing anddriving a piece of wire in a curved path into a work piece to form afastening with both ends projecting from the same surface of the Work,and clenching members movable substantially simultaneously in oppositedirections to engage and clench said projecting ends.

18. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, mechanism for firstsevering and then driving a straight piece of wire, means for guidingthe wire in a curved path into the work to form a fastening with bothends projecting from the same surface of the work, and a pair ofoppositely-moving clenching tools actuated at the conclusion of thedriving operation to clench the ends of the fastening.

19. In amachine for inserting wire fastenings, means for inserting acurved wire fastening in the work with both ends projecting above thesame face thereof, a pair of slides movable obliquely toward said ends,and a clenching tool adjustably mounted on each slide.

20. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings,

wire guiding means, a knife for severing the wire,

a driver for advancing the severed piece toward the work, a movabledeflector positioned to cause the wire to enter and emerge from the workin a curved path, clenching tools movable to clench the ends of thedriven fastening, and a single actuator for operating in the proper timerelation the knife,the deflector and the clenching tools.

21. In a machine for inserting wire faste nings, work clamping members,one of which is provided 7 with a wire passage having movablepassage-clos m1 us ing means, a driver constructed and arranged toadvance a straight piece of wire by an engagement along said passagewhile the wire is confined therein by said closing means, and adeflector for causing the wire to enter the work in a curved path.

22. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, work clamping members,one of which is provided with a channel wire passage, a driver shaped toadvance a short straight piece of Wire by end engagement along saidpassage, means for progres sively opening the wire passage opposite tothe wire piece, and a deflector for causing the wire to enter the workin a curved path.

23. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, work clamping members,one of which has a forked work-engaging end, a cover plate extendingbetween the forks and having a channel wire passage in its face, closingmeans for the channel, and a deflector arranged to be positioned betweenthe forks and in range of said passage.

24. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, work clamping members,one of which is provided with a channel wire passage, adjustable feedingmechanism for supplying wire to said passage, a knife arranged to severa short straight piece of wire of a length determined by the action ofthe feeding mechanism, a driver shaped to advance the wire piece by endengagement, means for progressively closing the wire passage opposite tothe wire piece, and a deflector for curving the latter as it leaves saidpassage. 1

LESTER S. MACDONALD.

